• Calorie restriction slows pace of aging

    From ScienceDaily@1:317/3 to All on Thu Feb 9 21:30:24 2023
    Calorie restriction slows pace of aging in healthy adults

    Date:
    February 9, 2023
    Source:
    Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health
    Summary:
    In a first of its kind randomized controlled trial an international
    team of researchers shows that caloric restriction can slow the pace
    of aging in healthy adults. The CALERIE[TM] intervention slowed
    pace of aging measured from participants' blood DNA methylation
    using the algorithm DunedinPACE (Pace of Aging, Computed from the
    Epigenome). The intervention effect on DunedinPACE represented a
    2-3 percent slowing in the pace of aging, which in other studies
    translates to a 10-15 percent reduction in mortality risk, an
    effect similar to a smoking cessation intervention.


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    FULL STORY ==========================================================================
    In a first of its kind randomized controlled trial an international
    team of researchers led by the Butler Columbia Aging Center at the
    Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health shows that caloric restriction can slow the pace of aging in healthy adults. The CALERIE[TM] intervention slowed pace of aging measured from participants' blood DNA methylation using the algorithm DunedinPACE (Pace of Aging, Computed from
    the Epigenome). The intervention effect on DunedinPACE represented a 2-3 percent slowing in the pace of aging, which in other studies translates
    to a 10-15 percent reduction in mortality risk, an effect similar to a
    smoking cessation intervention. The results are published online in the
    journal Nature Aging.


    ==========================================================================
    "In worms, flies, and mice, calorie restriction can slow biological
    processes of aging and extend healthy lifespan" says senior author
    Daniel Belsky, PhD, associate professor of epidemiology at Columbia
    Mailman School and a scientist with Columbia's Butler Aging Center. "Our
    study aimed to test if calorie restriction also slows biological aging
    in humans." The CALERIE[TM] Phase-2 randomized controlled trial, funded
    by the US National Institute on Aging, is the first ever investigation
    of the effects of long-term calorie restriction in healthy, non-obese
    humans. The trial randomized 220 healthy men and women at three sites
    in the U. S. to a 25 percent calorie- restriction or normal diet for
    two years. CALERIE[TM] is an acronym for `Comprehensive Assessment of
    Long-Term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy'.

    To measure biological aging in CALERIE Trial participants, Belsky's
    team analyzed blood samples collected from trial participants
    at pre-intervention baseline and after 12- and 24-months of
    follow-up. "Humans live a long time," explained Belsky, "so it isn't
    practical to follow them until we see differences in aging-related disease
    or survival. Instead, we rely on biomarkers developed to measure the pace
    and progress of biological aging over the duration of the study." The team analyzed methylation marks on DNA extracted from white blood cells. DNA methylation marks are chemical tags on the DNA sequence that regulate
    the expression of genes and are known to change with aging.

    In the primary analysis Belsky and colleagues focused on three
    measurements of the DNA methylation data, sometimes known as
    "epigenetic clocks". The first two, the PhenoAge and GrimAge clocks,
    estimate biological age, or the chronological age at which a person's
    biology would appear "normal". These measures can be thought of as
    "odometers" that provide a static measure of how much aging a person has experienced. The third measure studied by the researchers was DunedinPACE, which estimates the pace of aging, or the rate of biological deterioration
    over time. DunedinPACE can be thought of as a "speedometer".

    "In contrast to the results for DunedinPace, there were no effects
    of intervention on other epigenetic clocks," noted Calen Ryan, PhD,
    Research Scientist at Columbia's Butler Aging Center and co-lead author
    of the study.

    "The difference in results suggests that dynamic `pace of aging' measures
    like DunedinPACE may be more sensitive to the effects of intervention than measures of static biological age." Our study found evidence that calorie restriction slowed the pace of aging in humans" Ryan said. "But calorie restriction is probably not for everyone. Our findings are important
    because they provide evidence from a randomized trial that slowing
    human aging may be possible. They also give us a sense of the kinds of
    effects we might look for in trials of interventions that could appeal
    to more people, like intermittent fasting or time-restricted eating."
    A follow-up of trial participants is now ongoing to determine if the intervention had long-term effects on healthy aging. In other studies,
    slower DunedinPACE is associated with reduced risk for heart disease,
    stroke, disability, and dementia. "Our study of the legacy effects of
    the CALERIE[TM] intervention will test if the short-term effects observed during the trial translated into longer-term reduction in aging-related
    chronic diseases or their risk factors," says Sai Krupa Das, a senior
    scientist and CALERIE investigator who is leading the long-term follow
    up of CALERIE[TM] participants.

    DunedinPACE was developed by Daniel Belsky and colleagues at Duke
    University and the University of Otago. To develop DunedinPACE,
    researchers analyzed data from the Dunedin Longitudinal Study, a landmark
    birth cohort study of human development and aging that follows 1000
    individuals born in 1972-73 in Dunedin, New Zealand. Researchers first
    analyzed the rate of change in 19 biomarkers across 20 years of follow-up
    to derive a single composite measure of the Pace of Aging. Next, the researchers used machine-learning techniques to distill this 20-year
    Pace of Aging into a single-time-point DNA methylation blood test.

    The values of the DunedinPACE algorithm correspond to the years of
    biological aging experienced during a single calendar year, providing
    a measure of the pace of aging.

    The study was supported by US National Institute on Aging grant
    R01AG061378 and also utilized resources provided by the CALERIE Research Network (R33AG070455) and the Dunedin Study (R01AG032282). Coauthors
    received additional support from the American Brain Foundation, and NIH
    grants P30AG028716, R01AG054840, R33AG070455, CIHR RN439810, R01 AG071717, R03AG071549 U01AG060906.

    * RELATED_TOPICS
    o Health_&_Medicine
    # Healthy_Aging # Chronic_Illness # Menopause #
    Epigenetics
    o Plants_&_Animals
    # Epigenetics_Research # Biochemistry_Research # Biology
    # Biotechnology
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    o Calorie_restricted_diet o Jogging o Ultraviolet o
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    ========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by Columbia_University's_Mailman_School_of_Public_Health.

    Note: Content may be edited for style and length.


    ========================================================================== Journal Reference:
    1. R Waziry, DL Corcoran, KM Huffman, MS Kobor, M Kothari, VB Kraus, WE
    Kraus, DTS Lin, CF Pieper, ME Ramaker, M Bhapkar, SK Das, L
    Ferrucci, WJ Hastings, M Kebbe, DC Parker, SB Racette, I Shalev,
    B Schilling, DW Belsky. Effect of long-term caloric restriction
    on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults
    from the CALERIE trial.

    Nature Aging (in press), 2023 DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.21.21263912 ==========================================================================

    Link to news story: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/02/230209114738.htm

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