Study reconsiders name of Peru's Machu Picchu
Date:
March 22, 2022
Source:
University of Illinois Chicago
Summary:
More than 110 years after Hiram Bingham's first visit to the site,
researchers reviewed Bingham's original field notes, early 20th
century maps of the region, and centuries-old land documents from
different archives. Their findings suggest that less was known
about the site than what was previously thought.
FULL STORY ========================================================================== Machu Picchu is among the most recognized archaeological sites in
the world. A lasting symbol of the Inca Empire, it's one of the most
visited attractions in Latin America and at the heart of the Peruvian
tourist industry.
========================================================================== However, when Hiram Bingham first visited the ruins in 1911 and then
brought them to the world's attention, they were little known -- even
among those who lived in Peru's Cusco region.
More than 110 years after Bingham's first visit to the site, historian
Donato Amado Gonzales from the Ministry of Culture of Peru (Cusco)
and archeologist Brian S. Bauer from the University of Illinois Chicago reviewed Bingham's original field notes, early 20th century maps of the
region, and centuries-old land documents from different archives. Their findings suggest that less was known about the site than what was
previously thought.
In their paper, published by N~awpa Pacha: Journal of Andean Archaeology,
the researchers conclude that the Incas originally called it Huayna
Picchu, for the rocky summit that lies nearest to the site, and not Machu Picchu, which is the name of the highest mountain near the ancient city.
"We began with the uncertainty of the name of the ruins when Bingham first visited them and then reviewed several maps and atlases printed before Bingham's visit to the ruins," said Bauer, UIC professor of anthropology.
"There is significant data which suggest that the Inca city actually was
called Picchu or more likely, Huayna Picchu." The researchers found
that the ruins of an Inca town called Huayna Picchu is mentioned in
a 1904 atlas that was published seven years before Bingham arrived in
Peru. Additionally, they detail that Bingham was told in 1911 of ruins
called Huayna Picchu along the Urubamba River before he left Cusco to
search for the remains. A landowner's son later told Bingham in 1912
that the ruins were called Huayna Picchu.
According to Bauer, the most definitive connections to the original name
of the Inca city are preserved within accounts written by Spaniards
relatively soon after the region came under their control in the late
16th century.
"We end with a stunning, late 16th-century account when the indigenous
people of the region were considering returning to reoccupy the site
which they called Huayna Picchu," he said.
========================================================================== Story Source: Materials provided by University_of_Illinois_Chicago. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
========================================================================== Journal Reference:
1. Donato Amado Gonzales, Brian S. Bauer. The Ancient Inca Town
Named Huayna
Picchu. N~awpa Pacha, 2021; 42 (1): 17 DOI:
10.1080/00776297.2021.1949833 ==========================================================================
Link to news story:
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2022/03/220322150840.htm
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